Accrual
The point when a legal claim begins for timing purposes. The accrual date can depend on the claim and the facts, so it should not be assumed from the incident date alone.
Legal language, translated
A practical personal injury glossary
Use these short definitions to follow a source or prepare a question. They describe general concepts—not the rule that necessarily applies to a particular claim.
10 terms shown
Comparative fault
A system that may reduce damages according to a claimant’s share of fault. States use different versions and thresholds.
Contingency fee
A fee arrangement in which a lawyer’s fee is generally tied to a recovery. The written agreement should explain percentages, expenses, and what happens if there is no recovery.
Damages
Money sought or awarded for legally recognized losses. The available categories and proof requirements depend on the claim and governing law.
Deposition
Sworn testimony taken outside the courtroom as part of the evidence-gathering process, usually with questions and answers recorded by a court reporter.
Mediation
A confidential settlement process in which a neutral mediator helps the parties explore resolution but ordinarily does not decide the dispute.
PIP
Personal Injury Protection, a form of auto coverage available or required in some states that may pay specified losses regardless of fault, subject to the policy and state law.
Statute of limitations
A law setting a filing period for a category of legal action. Accrual, tolling, notice rules, repose, and exceptions can change the practical deadline.
Subrogation
A process through which an insurer or benefit plan may seek reimbursement or pursue rights connected to payments it made.
UM / UIM
Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage, which may apply when an at-fault driver has no liability insurance or insufficient limits, subject to the policy and state law.
Definitions are general educational summaries. Check current state law, policy language, procedural rules, and qualified legal advice for a specific matter.